Range-indicator for ordnance.



No. 890,411. PATENTED JUNE 9, 1908.

` A. 'I'. DAWSON & J. HORNE.

RANGE INDICATOR IOR ORDNANGE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.15, 1905.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTBD JUNE 9, 190s. A. T. DAWSON & J. BORNE. 'RANGE INDICATOR NOP., ORDNANOE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.1I5, 1905.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

/ZJ M7726, gm

No. 890,411. PATENTED JUNE 9, 1908.

i A. T. DAWSON & J. HORNE. RANGE INDICATOR FOR ORDNANCE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15, 1905.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

77766jo?" ze.

No. 990,411. PATNNTED JUNE 9, 1909. A. T. DAWSON 9 J. HORNE. RANGE INDICATOR POR ONDNANGE.

APPLICATION IILED MAR. l5I 1905.

B SHEETS-SHEET 4.

No. 890,411. PATENTED JUNE 9, 1908. A. T. DAWSON da J. HORNE. RANGE INDICATOR FOR ORDNANCE.`

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15, 1905.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

No. 890,411. PATBNTED JUNEv 9, 1908. A. T. DAWSON & J. HORNE. RANGE INDICATOR FOR ORDNANGE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.15, 1905.

B SHEETS-SHEET 6.

No. 990,411. PATENTED JUNE 9, 1909.

A. T. DAWSON 9 J. EoRNE. RANGE INDICATOR TOR ORDNANGE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15, 1905.

H SHEETS-SHEET 7.

772619.7[07726 ma x5 l `r No. 890,411. PATENTED JUNE 9, 1908.

A. T. DAWSON & J. HORNE.

RANGE INDICATOR FOR ORDNANGE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.15, 1905.

a SHEETS-SHEET a,

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIOEL LAND.

- 'ARTHUR 'IREVOR DAWSON, OF WESTMINSTER, AND JAMES HOENE, or BAERow-IN-EUENESS, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS To VICKERS SONS a MAXIM LIMITED, 0F WESTMIN'STEE, ENG- nANGE-INDrcA'ron Fon oRDNANoE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 9, 1908. i

Application ledmarch 15, 1905. Serial No. 250,308.

To allwhom it v'may concern:

Be 1t known. that we, ARTHUR TREVOR l DAWSON, lieutenant of the Royal Navy, di-

` ing, respectively, at 32 Victoria street, Westminster, inthe county ofLondon, England, and care of Vickers Sons & Maxim Limited, Naval Construction Works, Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Range-Indicators for Ordnance, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for indicating the variationsof range or distance between a gun and its target in cases where either or both are subject to changes of osition affecting such range or distance, an has for its chief object instruments for automatically indicating to those in charge of a gun or guns in ships or other naval structures, the necessary information relating to variations in the range or .distance due tov the relative movements of such ships or structures and the targets. i

According to our said invention we construct an -instrument or apparatus `with a graduated dial drum or bar, anda pointer,

either of which is actuated by clockwork or` other mechanism capable of imparting thereto an automatic movement vwhich will be constant .at any particular speed to which the instrumentisset by the' operator. By observing the relative speed or change of 'position between the target and the gun, the

voperator can ascertain What-change of speed or direction of the, indicator-index or polnterl is necessary to keep the same in correspondence with the alterations in the range or 'distance of the gun 'from the target. The instrument is adapted to be adjusted by the operator to bring an particular graduation on the dial or theli e opposite the pointer and thereby initially set the apparatus; fi. e. indicate in yards or otherwise the distance corresponding tothe range at that instant of time. The speed or rate at which the range or distance betweenthe gun 'and target varies isthen observed and the apparatus adjusted by the operator so as to workin'correspondence with such vs eed, this setsultab e mechanism tingn'twing4 eiected b Y controlled by a handje or the like and furnished with appropriate graduations or fig'- ures fonindic'ating the speed in knots per hour or otherwise.

If the initial range and the rate of'altera'- tion 'of range have been correctly observed and the instrument correctly adjusted in accordance therewith, the said instrument will' continue to automatically indicate (say in yards) the alterations thatmust be effected 1n the sighting of the gun to comply with the alteration of the range that'takes place by vthe change of movement between the gunl The fall of the projectiles fired' ing tops. In the latter case suitable-elec` tric-al connections would be made with dials or mdicators arranged In the casemates or turrets, in order to transmit to the gun sight- Setters they corresponding 'changes range obtained from the instrument. Intheeve'nt of the electrical connections failing, the.

changeof range could be transmitted/by niechanical means, or by a voice-pipe in charge y of' an attendant theiighting top.v I

Inorder that our said invention maj7 be clearly understood and readily carried into v'effect we will describe the same more fully with reference to` the accompanying' drawingsin Which:-

Figure 1 is a front elevation of one form of the instrument. IFig. 2 is a vertical section of the same taken approximately through the center of-the instrument.

Fig.3 is a horizontal section taken approximately on the line 1, 1, of Fig. 1. Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are front elevations similar to Fig. -1 but show modified forms of someof the internal mechanism.` Fig. 5a is a detail view of a part of the gearing vshown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a front elevation.` Fig. 7 is arear elevation. Fig. S a vertical section taken approximately on of Fig. 7 showing a modified form vof the .in'

strument.' Figs 10 and 11 are respectively a detail elevation and an end view of aportion of the internal mechanism. Fig. 12 isa sectional elevation showing another art. of

. the internal mechanism. Figs. 13 an 14 are Yrespectively a sectional front elevation and avertical section taken approximately on the line 4, 4 of Fig. 13 showing more or less diagrannnatically a further modified formof the instrument.

Fig. 15 is' a front elevation, Fig. 16 a plan, and Fig.,17 a cross section'on theline 5, 5 of Fig. 15, showing a modification' of the varrangement illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14.- 'Figs 18 and 19 are respectively a front elevation, and a vertical sectlon taken approximately on vthe line 6, 6 of. Fig. 18 showing more or less diagrammatically another modified form of the instrument. i Fig. 20 is a front elevation of a modification'ofthe arrangement shown in Figs. 18 andl 19. Figs. 21 and 22 are respectively a front elevation and a vertical section on the line 7 7 of Fig;

21 showing Adiagrammatically another modi-' iedform of the instrument. Fig. 23 is a front elevation of .a further modification of the instrument.

In all these figures like letters 'of reference indicate similar parts.

Referring first more articularly to Figs. l to 3 A is the graduate dial, B the pointer,C y

the clock movement, and D the casing inclosin the mechanism for setting the s eed at which the instrument works relative y to the speed at which the range ischanging.

, The speed and direction of movement of the pointer B is varied by the position of a' friction roller d relatively -to a revolving disc c driven by the clock movement at a constant speed. That is to say according as the frict1on roller is moved nearer to or further from the center' of the disk, said friction roller will be driven at .a greater or less velocity by said disk, the necessary frictional contact between the roller and disk being obtained by the ac` tion of a spring c. The iriction'roller is mounted in a cross-head or frame d and adapted to slide on and turn with a yspindle d2 to which itl is connected by a -groove and vfeather dxx. Passing through diameters on the screw spindles d3, so t at these toothed wheels and their screw spindles will revolve simultaneously in the same direction and at thesame' velocity when actuated. The spindle which carried the f operating it.

The s indle d2 is geared at Atoothed wheel; d is rolon ed through the Casingnandis rovi efr-Wa ahandle n'fory he friction roller d can 'thus' be caused to traverse the face of the vsaiddisk toward or awayfrom the center-0r axis there- 'of and on either side thereof for :varying the ointer B 1n either s eed of movement of the dlrection to accord with t e rate of increase or diminution| in the range. The aforesaid spindle that is prolonged through the casing D has thereon a toothed piniond8 gearing with teeth di (Fig. 3) formed on the internal drum or sleeve (114. A second internal drum d15 is provided with graduations which are visible through an oblique opening d10 in the easing D. These graduations correspond with the speed at which the range or distance between the gun and target increases or diminishes and are preferably arranged to -indicate the speed in knots as aforesaid. The said indications are arranged spirally on the drumwhich latter in addition to rotating also receives a traversing movement thus enabling large and plain readings to be usedthereon.' The traversing movement is effected by' a spiral groove or slot d o n an inner stationary cylindrical piece d,16 engaging with .a ,pin dl2 on the inside of the spiral'` groove of the aforesaid cylindrical graduated drum d1 g y, ,The drum or sleeve d10 is slotted at (115 where the pinpas'ses through it to engage withv the,l

piece. .This arrangement permits of the j ,the range between two ships in action is 2000 yds. and that this range yis increasing by the relative movement between the two ships at a rate of 40 knots er hour, (i. e. the highest speed indicated y the instrument in this case) the graduated `dial/would be first' angularly shifted about i the axisl of the` pointer B in order to bring the .2000 indication thereon opposite the pointer as shown in Fig. 1. The handle D would then be turned to bring the 40 indication visible in the opening d1? of the casing D, such'operation a so causing the friction roller to travel along its spindle until it reaches its |point relatively to the axis of e disk c as shown at d in igs. 1 and 3. The clock movement having been released the disk c would revolve the friction roller and through it the pointer at a corresponding speed, so that the increase in lrange due to the` relative movecated by the pointer as it passed over they ost remote ment of the ships would be continually indivarious graduations of the dial A and thus said pointer will indicate the variations in range that 'the gunner must make in his sighting of the gun for keeping said gun at the proper range for hitting the target, (i. e. the other ship). If however the speed at which the range or distance between the two shipsvaried, diminished sayl to 20 knots per hour,' then the handle D would be turned in the reverse direction until the figure 20 appeared in the openin of the casing D, and this movement wou d'Xcause the friction roller to assume a position about halfway between the axis and periphery of the disk c with the result that the friction .roller and .therefore the pointer B will travel at half the velocity they traveled when the instrument was set to the/i0 knots indication.

If it should be found that the ursuing ship was gaining on the other and) in that way reducing the range or distance between them, then the rhandle D would-be turned until the friction roller passed the axis of the disk c and assumed say the position or any intermediate positionin accordance with the speed at which the range diminished. The friction roller and therefore the pointer B would then revolve in the opposite direction and indicate on the dial A diminished ranges, while the indications exhibited in the opening of the casing D would accord with the speed. The clock movement C is rovided with a winding key or handle C (Flg. 1) for enabling the spring to be rewound at intervals in order to keep the clock movement working. LU2 is a stop for arresting and releasing the clock movement as required. In the example shown in Fig. 3, this stop comprises a spring or resilient finger carried by a spindle which can be rocked in one or other direction to cause said spring or finger to enga e with or release the balance wheel of the c ock movement.

Instead of the two screw spindles d3 a single screw s )indle might be em loyed as in Fig. 4; or t 1e friction roller mig t be'caused to traverse the disk c by means of a rack and pinion .as in Fig. 5, or by means of a pitch `chain as in Fig. 6, or by other convenient means; we prefer however to use the two screws (Z3.

In Fig. 5 is the rack w ich is stationary and is a pinion gearing herewith. Thls pinion and the'bevel wheel gear v2 w3 are Journalcd in the frame of the friction roller' d". Rotary motion is transmitted to the gear by the spindle d3 which is actuated by the handle D, the said spindle "passing through the bevel wheel :c2 which has a feather engaging with a groove on the spindle. In Fig. 6 x4 is a ch'ain passing around sprocket wheels m5 m5 carried bythe side plates d4". The two ends of the chain are attached to the frame of the friction roller do and rotary movement is .transmitted to the s rocket wheel that lies near the handle D10 y means of bevel gear mf.

In the modified form of our instrumentv .conica shown by Figs. 7 to 1l, we use in place of the disk c for actuating the friction roller d as above described with reference to Figs. l to 6, conical rollers 02'03, the reverse action of the pointer, being obtained by means ofv the differential gearshown in Fig. 12. One conical roller for driving the friction roller might in some cases be used, but for a large varia-- tion of speed we prefer to use two conical rollers wlth the friction roller between them as illustrated in this modification. One of the conical rollers (viz. c2) is driven at constant speed from the clock movement C through the toothed pinion c4 and toothed wheels c5, the movement bein transmitted from this conical roller throug the friction roller do Ito the other conical roller c3. The latter is connected by a train of toothed wheels c to the worm spindle b and thence through'the Worm wheel 610 to the pointer B. The friction roller'` d rotates on a sleeve d14 (Figs. 10 and 11) formed on a frame or cross head d through which the traversing screw d3 asses and en ages with a screw nut di of tlhe said cross ead so as to traverse the latter Without revolving the roller d". This cross head is guided in its movements by a stationary rod cl17 which is situated parallelA 'to the screw s indle da and is carried by brackets d1. 's rod d will prevent .movement of the cross head across the axis of the screw spindle also by the rotation of the roller d or of the screw spindle d itself. said differential gear comprises a train of bevel wheels CTL8 c9 (Fi 12) arranged inside the conical roller c3. T e transverse axle clo carryin the intermediate bevel wheel cD is rotatab y mounted within the said conicalv roller c3 andv rotates therewith when the latter revolves. The spindle c and the conical roller c2 it carries are rotated at a'constant speed by the clock movement which also rotates the spindle cl2 and the bevel wheel 'c" by means of toothed-wheels cl3, c1 and c14 of which c1 is an idler wheel. The spindle 015 is geared withthe dial pointer By and receives its rotary movement from the bevel wheel cs. The conical roller cEl is mounted loosely lon the spindles 012 01j". The spindle cl2 is rotated at a greater speed than the conical roller c2 and in the present case it is arran ed to be rotated at 'twice the speed of the ro ler, the ratio of the gearing 013,01, c being as 2 to 1.Y lIf the conical rollerc3 be restrained from rotating the spindle 015 would The aforerevolve at'the same speed as thespindle 612.(

With the friction roller d in the middle position as represented by the full lines the conical rollers c2 c3 rotate at the` same speed and the spindle c10 and bevel wheel a9 are iny conse uence rotated about the axisof the C1l roller Ls at half the speed of the spindle cl2, the result being that no movement is 4 transmitted to bevel wheel 68. By moving the friction roller d to either 'of the posltlons;

indicated by dotted lines on the right and left of the figure, the conical roller c3 is caused to rotate at a greater or less speed respectively, thereby causing the bevel wheel c3 together with its spindle 015 to move in opposite directions and with varying velocit-ies depending on the position of the friction roller do with respect to its middle position. The said screw spindle d is prolonged through the casing D and furnished with a handle D1X for actuating it the rotary and traversing speed indicating drum d10 being operated from said spindle through a pinion d8", teeth dw, spiral groove du, and stationary pin dm as in the preceding arrangement already described. said drum d150 are exposed through the opening d100. The graduated dial A is furnished with handles a a for enabling its graduations to be initially set as above explained with 'reference to Figs. 1 to 3.

Instead of reversing the movement of the pointer B for decreasing range, we may provide on the dial face two sets of graduations which progress in opposite directions,A as shown in Fig. 7; one set being used for increasing range and one set for decreasing range. The ointer B would then be double ended one en traveling over one set of graduations and the opposite end over the other set of graduations. The said pointer would also be provided with a longitudinally movable sheath b3 so arranged that when one end of the pointer is exposed the other is hidden, according as one or other ofthe sets of graduations is to be observed. The movement of said sheath is eiieeted by a lever b4 hinged to the pointer and having. a slot for the reception of a pin b5 on the sheath, so that by shifting said lever in one or other direction,

the sheath will be correspondingly moved. To permit of the sheath thus shifting it has a slot l`b where it fits around the axle ol the The said lever has the end adjacent to the hinge formed with flat surfaces against one or other of which a spring D7 presses and keeps said handle in either of its extreme positions of movement.

The clock movement is furnished with the winding key C10 as in the previous arrangement and with a sto i similar to the stop C2 for arresting and releasing the said movenient.

1n the modifie d form of our instrument illus-- trated by Figs. 13 and 14, the pointer B is rectilinearly reciproeated over a graduated rack bar or scale plate Z22 by ascrew spindle (Il3X whose direction of movement can be reversed by means of suitable change gearing d2, controlled by a sliding clutch ([04. The screw spindle is driven by the clock mechanism C and its speed can be varied by shifting the position of the friction roller dJ2 relatively to the pair of speed cones c2 e30 as above described with reference to Figs. 4 to The indications of they 8. The said scale plate is capable of being moved longitudiinlv by a handwheel C125 working a pinion d2 gearing with the teeth ofv the scale plate. The pointer B is also capable of being disengaged from the screw spindle and moved independently thereof, for which purpose we employ a block (i800 carried in the frame work b of the pointer and having Worm teeth` gearing with the screw spindle. By pulling outwardly the head bw, the block can be disengaged and the whole pointer can then be moved in either direction independently of the screw spindle. The said block is otherwise held engaged with the screw threads of the spindle by a spring b (Fig. 14). The pointer B can be arranged to be disengaged automatically` when it reaches the eXtreme ends of the instrument. This is accomplished by arranging a cani or inclined plate b (Figs. 15, 16 and 17) at each end, and providing the block bs with tail pieces 513 `which will-come into contact with the said cam and disengage the block from the screw (13X when said pointer reaches the end oi either of its 'extreme movements. A graduated dial and pointer D3 are provided to indicate the speed at which the range or distance between the gun and target is changing. The said pointer is adjusted by a conveniently arranged handle 127 mounted on a screw spindle 128 which operates to traverse the friction roller dog relatively to the speed cones c2 03, the said spindle being geared with the pointer by a Worm d2 engaging with a worm wheel d3 on the pointer axle.

Instead of speed cones we may use a triction disk of the kind hereinbefore described, 3nd thereby dispense with the change gear In the modified form of our instrument illustratedby Figs. 18 and 19, the pointer B is arranged to reciprocate with respect to a cylinder or drum l)2 whose surface isspaced and marked longitudinally with divisions which indicate through an opening A in the casing A', variations corresponding with the relative speed at which the range or distance between the gun and .target varies, the indications ranging say from 2 to 40 knots or more. The cylinder Dj' isx capable of being rotated on its axisV by a hand wheel (Z180 in order to present to the pointer B the markings corresponding to any particular rate or speed at which the range varies. Further, the cylinder can be caused to traverse longitudinally by means of a hand wheel dm and a rack d20 and pinion dgl", so as to bring the graduations representing the initial range opposite the pointer. lhe said pointer is mounted on a screw spindle dxx which is driven by the clock movement C, thus causing said pointer to traverse the drum D2 longitudinally at a constant speed. The direction of movement of the pointer B can be reversed by a clutch or other suitable mechanism forming part of the clock movement.

In some cases we may employ a device likev y distinct graduations for all the various grooved drum speeds, may be reduced. Fig. 2O shows an arrangement of two speed gear with change clutch dal. When thewheels (132 and 133 are 1n gear, the screw daxxwill rotate atl half the ,l

speed obtained when wheels 134 and d35 are in gear.

in the modification ofthe instrument illustratedL by' 2l and 22 a spirally o '4 is revolved' by a friction disk ca and traversing friction roller 03, through gear wheels d5, so that its speed and directlon of movement can' be varied and reversed like the pointer B in Figs. l to 3,

quired. 'lhe pointer B is carried on a guide bar 512 'and is formed to enga e with the grooves in the spiral drum where y 'it will be moved by the rotation of the drum. The said drumis held on its driving spindle or sleeve solely byriction and is capable of being rotated independently ofthe said spindle or sleeve by hand, ior enabling the readings on the drum tof be initially set relatively to the pointer B. An indicator for change of speed is provided at D5 in a convenient position and is analogous in construction tothe speed indicating drum described in the preceding arrangements.

' instead ot a spiraivdrum We may use a plain cylindrical strip of suiicient diameter to permit the use or" distinct figures and divisions around its periphery. in thiscase the pointer has a ixed position.' Fie. 23 snows this arrangement. The drum 4 is driven as before by the variable speed gear. The periphery oi this drum will be graduated; the pointer E is iixed. TWe mayuse a disk in place of the said cylindricai strip. 1What we ciaimand desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is l. A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of means for initially setting the apparatus to the range and speed of movement between a gun and its target, -and of means tor continuously actuating said apparatus and causing it to automatically indicate any alteration` that takes place in the range due to relative movement between the gun and its target, for the purpose specified.

2. A variable range'in'dicatin apparatus `consistingin the combination ol a member bearing range indications, a member for identifying any of the'range indications, means for causing continuous relative movement between these two members, means for initially setting the two members to a particular indication corresponding with the range that exists between a gun and its target when the apparatus is started working, and means for varying the speed andl direction of the relative movement between the two members according to the speed at which the range changes, substantially as described.

3. A variable range indicatin apparatus consisting in the combination o a member bearing range indications, a pointer, means for causing continuous relative movement between said member and pointer, meansy for initially settin` the indication between said member an pointer to correspond with the range existing between a gun and its target when the apparatus is started working, and means for varying the speed and direction of the relative movement between the said member and pointer accordin@ to the speed at which the range changes su stantially as described.

4. A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a member bearing range indications, a pointer, means for causing said pointer to continuously move with respect to the said member, means for initially setting the, indication between said member and the pointer to correspondwith the range existing between a gun and its' target when the apparatus' is started working, and means forvvarying the speed' and direction of movement of the pointer according to the speed at which the range changes substantially as described.

5. 'A variable range indicatin apparatus consisting in the combination o a member bearing range indications, a pointer, a clock movement for causing continuous relative movement between said member and ,the pointer, means for initially settingthe indication between said member land the pointer to correspond with the range existing be'- tween a gun. and its target when the clock movement is started working, and means for varying the speed and direction of the relative movement between the said member and the pointer according to the speed at which therange changes substantially as described.

6; A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a member bearing range indications, a pointer, a clock y,

between a gun and its tar' et when the clock movement 1s started working, and means for of the pointer according to the speed at which the range changes substantially as described.

7. A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a normally stationary memberbearing range indications, a pointer, a clock movement for imparting continuous motion to said pointer, means for adjusting the range indications on said range bearing member relatively to the ointer to correspond with the range existing etween a gun and its target when the clock movement is started working, and means for varying the speed andV direction of movement of the pointer accordingr to the speed at which the range changes substantially as described.

8.- A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a normally stationary dial bearing range indications, a pointer movable around said dial, a clock movement for imparting continuous motion td said pointer, means for initialljr adjusting the range indications on said dial relatively to the pointer to correspond with the range existing between the gun and its target when the clock'movement is started working, and means for varying the speed and direction of movement of the pointer according to the speed at which the range changes substantially as described.

9. A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combinationof a member bearing range indications, a pointer means for causing said pointer to continuously move with respect to the said member, means for initially setting the indication between said member and. the pointer to correspond withy the range existing between a gun and its target when the apparatus is started working, manually. operated means for indicating the speed at which said 'range is changing, and means for varying the speed and directionof movement of the pointer simultaneously with the operation ofA said speed indicating means substantially as described. i

10. A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a member bearing range indications, a pointer, means for initially setting the indication between said member and the pointer to correspond with the range existing between a gun and its target when the apparatus is started working, a clock movement, a device transmitting continuous motion from the clock movement to the pointer, manually operated means for indicatlng the speed at which the range is changing, and means for adjusting the said motion transmitting device simultaneously with the operation of said speed indicating means substantially as described.

l1. A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a member bearing range indications, a. pointer, means for initially setting the indication between said member and the pointer to correspond with the range existing between a gun and its target when the apparatusis started working, a clock movement an adjustable frictional device transmitting continuous motion from the clock movement to the pointer, manually operated means for indicating the speed at which the `range is changing and means for adjustin the said motion transmitting device simu taneously with the operation of said speed indicating means, substantially as described.

.12. A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a member bearing range indications, a pointer, means for initially setting the indication between said member and the pointer to correspond with the range existing between a gun and its targetwhen the apparatus is started working, a' clock movement, an adjustable frictional device transmitting continuous motion from the clock movement to the pointer, manually operated means for indicating the speed at which the range is changing, and means for accelerating diminishing and rcversing the said motion transmitting device simultaneously with the operation of said speed indicating means substantially as dcscribed.

li. A variable range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a normally lstationary dial bearing range indications, a

pointer movable around said dial means for angularly displacing said dial relatively to the pointer for initially setting the indicated range into correspondence with the range existing between a gun and its target when the apparatus is started working, a clock movement, a revolving disk continuously driven by said clock movement at a constant speed, a friction roller lying in contact with and driven by the face of said revolving disk gearing transmitting the rotary motion of the friction roller to the aforesaid pointer, manually operated means for indicating thc speed at which the range is changing, and means for causing said friction roller to more or less traverse the face of the revolving disk simultaneously with the operation of said s eed indicating means substantially as descri ed.

14. A variable. range indicating apparatus consisting in the combination of a normally stationary dial bearing range indications, a pointer movable around said dial, means for angularly displacing said dial relatively to the pointer l'or initially setting the indicated range into correspomlence with the range cxisting between a gun and its target when the apparatus is started working, a' clock movement, a friction disk continuously driven at a constant speed, a friction roller lying in contact with and driven by the face of said friction disk, a spindle revolved by said friction roller, gearing transmitting the rotary motion ofthe spindle to the'aforesaid pointer, set our hands in' presence of tWo subscribing a framecarrying said friction roller, rotary Witnesses this rst day of'March 1905.

screw s indies carr ing said'frame, mechanism orpmanually aztuating said screw spini OR DAWSGN dies, and a speed indicating drum operated by said mechanism substantially asY de- Witnessesz scribed. HENRY KING,

Inv testimony whereof We have hereunto ALFRED PEAKS. 

